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Easy Complete Katakana Chart with Pronunciation (4)

The Katakana Alphabet: All Characters and a Usage Guide

For those just beginning to learn Japanese, one of the most fundamental steps is to get acquainted with the Japanese alphabets. In Japanese, there are three main writing systems: Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji. In this lesson, we will focus specifically on the Katakana alphabet, which holds a very important place in modern Japanese.

What is Katakana?

Katakana, much like Hiragana, is a kana (syllabary) alphabet where each character represents a single syllable. It consists of 46 basic characters. Katakana characters have a more angular and straight lined structure compared to Hiragana. Because of their sharp strokes, it’s often referred to as the “angular alphabet.”

Why is Katakana Important and When is it Used?

The existence and widespread use of Katakana show the richness and flexibility of the Japanese language. So, in which situations do we most commonly encounter this alphabet?

  • Foreign Loanwords (Gairaigo): Katakana’s most common use is for writing words that have been adopted into Japanese from other languages, such as Turkish, English, or Mongolian. For example, the word “computer” is written as コンピュータ (konpyūta) in Japanese. This allows Japanese people to easily integrate new words into their system.

  • Emphasis and Sound Representation (Onomatopoeia): Katakana can be used to emphasize a word or to create a special effect. Additionally, words that imitate sounds (onomatopoeia), like the meow of a cat, are often written with Katakana.

  • Proper Nouns: Foreign names, countries, cities, and company names are also written in Katakana. For example, the word “Turkiye” is written as トルコ (Toruko), and “America” as アメリカ (Amerika).

  • Scientific and Technical Terms: Scientific and technical terms, such as the Latin names of plants, animals, or minerals, are also frequently expressed in Katakana.

Katakana Table

KatakanaRomajiJapanese WordRomaji ReadingEnglish
アaアイスaisuice cream
イiインターネットintānettointernet
ウuウサギusagirabbit
エeエレベーターerebētāelevator
オoオレンジorenjiorange
カkaカメラkameracamera
キkiキウイkiuikiwi
クkuクッキーkukkīcookie
ケkeケーキkēkicake
コkoコンピューターkonpyūtācomputer
サsaサラダsaradasalad
シshiシャツshatsushirt
スsuスープsūpusoup
セseセーターsētāsweater
ソsoソファsofasofa
タtaタクシーtakushītaxi
チchiチョコレートchokorētochocolate
ツtsuツアーtsuātour
テteテレビterebiTV
トtoトマトtomatotomato
ナnaナイフnaifuknife
ニniニュースnyūsunews
ヌnuヌードルnūdorunoodle
ネneネクタイnekutaitie
ノnoノートnōtonotebook
ハhaハンバーガーhanbāgāhamburger
ヒhiヒーターhītāheater
フfuフルーツfurūtsufruit
ヘheヘリコプターherikoputāhelicopter
ホhoホテルhoteruhotel
マmaマンガmangacomic
ミmiミルクmirukumilk
ムmuムービーmūbīmovie
メmeメニューmenyūmenu
モmoモーターmōtāmotor
ヤyaヤギyagigoat
ユyuユニフォームyunifōmuuniform
ヨyoヨーグルトyōgurutoyogurt
ラraラジオrajioradio
リriリボンribonribbon
ルruルールrūrurule
レreレストランresutoranrestaurant
ロroロケットrokettorocket
ワwaワインwainwine
ヲo*ヲタクotakuotaku
ンnコンピュータkonpyūtacomputer
Japanese SentenceRomajiEnglish
アイスをたべます。aisu o tabemasu.I eat ice cream.
コンピューターをつかいます。konpyūtā o tsukaimasu.I use the computer.
ケーキをかいます。kēki o kaimasu.I buy a cake.
テレビをみます。terebi o mimasu.I watch TV.
ミルクをのみます。miruku o nomimasu.I drink milk.
タクシーにのります。takushī ni norimasu.I take a taxi.
ホテルにとまります。hoteru ni tomarimasu.I stay at the hotel.
マンガをよみます。manga o yomimasu.I read a comic.
ユニフォームをきます。yunifōmu o kimasu.I wear a uniform.
ラジオをききます。rajio o kikimasu.I listen to the radio.

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