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Easy Complete Katakana Chart with Pronunciation (4)

The Katakana Alphabet: All Characters and a Usage Guide

For those just beginning to learn Japanese, one of the most fundamental steps is to get acquainted with the Japanese alphabets. In Japanese, there are three main writing systems: Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji. In this lesson, we will focus specifically on the Katakana alphabet, which holds a very important place in modern Japanese.

What is Katakana?

Katakana, much like Hiragana, is a kana (syllabary) alphabet where each character represents a single syllable. It consists of 46 basic characters. Katakana characters have a more angular and straight lined structure compared to Hiragana. Because of their sharp strokes, it’s often referred to as the “angular alphabet.”

Why is Katakana Important and When is it Used?

The existence and widespread use of Katakana show the richness and flexibility of the Japanese language. So, in which situations do we most commonly encounter this alphabet?

  • Foreign Loanwords (Gairaigo): Katakana’s most common use is for writing words that have been adopted into Japanese from other languages, such as Turkish, English, or Mongolian. For example, the word “computer” is written as コンピュータ (konpyūta) in Japanese. This allows Japanese people to easily integrate new words into their system.

  • Emphasis and Sound Representation (Onomatopoeia): Katakana can be used to emphasize a word or to create a special effect. Additionally, words that imitate sounds (onomatopoeia), like the meow of a cat, are often written with Katakana.

  • Proper Nouns: Foreign names, countries, cities, and company names are also written in Katakana. For example, the word “Turkiye” is written as トルコ (Toruko), and “America” as アメリカ (Amerika).

  • Scientific and Technical Terms: Scientific and technical terms, such as the Latin names of plants, animals, or minerals, are also frequently expressed in Katakana.

Katakana Table

KatakanaRomajiJapanese WordRomaji ReadingEnglish
aアイスaisuice cream
iインターネットintānettointernet
uウサギusagirabbit
eエレベーターerebētāelevator
oオレンジorenjiorange
kaカメラkameracamera
kiキウイkiuikiwi
kuクッキーkukkīcookie
keケーキkēkicake
koコンピューターkonpyūtācomputer
saサラダsaradasalad
shiシャツshatsushirt
suスープsūpusoup
seセーターsētāsweater
soソファsofasofa
taタクシーtakushītaxi
chiチョコレートchokorētochocolate
tsuツアーtsuātour
teテレビterebiTV
toトマトtomatotomato
naナイフnaifuknife
niニュースnyūsunews
nuヌードルnūdorunoodle
neネクタイnekutaitie
noノートnōtonotebook
haハンバーガーhanbāgāhamburger
hiヒーターhītāheater
fuフルーツfurūtsufruit
heヘリコプターherikoputāhelicopter
hoホテルhoteruhotel
maマンガmangacomic
miミルクmirukumilk
muムービーmūbīmovie
meメニューmenyūmenu
moモーターmōtāmotor
yaヤギyagigoat
yuユニフォームyunifōmuuniform
yoヨーグルトyōgurutoyogurt
raラジオrajioradio
riリボンribonribbon
ruルールrūrurule
reレストランresutoranrestaurant
roロケットrokettorocket
waワインwainwine
o*ヲタクotakuotaku
nコンピュータkonpyūtacomputer
Japanese SentenceRomajiEnglish
アイスをたべます。aisu o tabemasu.I eat ice cream.
コンピューターをつかいます。konpyūtā o tsukaimasu.I use the computer.
ケーキをかいます。kēki o kaimasu.I buy a cake.
テレビをみます。terebi o mimasu.I watch TV.
ミルクをのみます。miruku o nomimasu.I drink milk.
タクシーにのります。takushī ni norimasu.I take a taxi.
ホテルにとまります。hoteru ni tomarimasu.I stay at the hotel.
マンガをよみます。manga o yomimasu.I read a comic.
ユニフォームをきます。yunifōmu o kimasu.I wear a uniform.
ラジオをききます。rajio o kikimasu.I listen to the radio.

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