Ultimate Guide: Learn Turkish Fluently in 100 Proven Topics

Table of Contents

Learn Turkish in 100 Topics, Table of Contents is a complete step by step guide for beginners and intermediate learners who want to master Turkish grammar, vocabulary, and daily conversation. Covering nouns, pronouns, verbs, tenses, cases, sentence structures, and common phrases, this structured roadmap makes learning Turkish simple and practical. Perfect for English speakers who want to speak, read, and understand Turkish with confidence.

Part 1 – Basic Concepts and Nouns

1. Nouns (Adlar)
2. Common vs. Proper Nouns (Cins ve Özel Adlar)
3. Countable vs. Uncountable Nouns in Turkish
4. Singular and Plural Forms
5. Regular Plurals (-lar / -ler)
6. Exceptions in Plural Usage
7. Cases in Turkish – Introduction (Durum Ekleri)
8. The Nominative Case (Yalın Durum)
9. The Accusative Case (-ı / -i / -u / -ü)
10. The Dative Case (-a / -e)
11. The Locative Case (-da / -de / -ta / -te)
12. The Ablative Case (-dan / -den / -tan / -ten)
13. The Genitive Case (-ın / -in / -un / -ün)
14. Possessive Endings – Introduction
15. Possessive Suffixes with Nouns

Part 2 – Pronouns and the Verb “To Be”

16. Personal Pronouns (Ben, Sen, O, Biz, Siz, Onlar)
17. Demonstrative Pronouns (Bu, Şu, O)
18. Object Pronouns (Beni, Seni, Onu…)
19. Reflexive Pronouns (Kendim, Kendin…)
20. Possessive Pronouns (Benimki, Seninki…)
21. The Verb “to be” in Present Simple (var / yok, -(y)im, -sin)
22. The Verb “to be” in Past (idi)
23. The Verb “to be” in Future (olacak)
24. Negation with “to be”
25. The Verb “to have” (iyelik, var/yok)

Part 3 – Basic Verbs and Sentence Structure

26. Introduction to Turkish Verbs
27. The Infinitive Form (-mek / -mak)
28. Verb Conjugation – Introduction
29. Present Continuous Tense (-yor)
30. Simple Present Tense (Aorist, -r)
31. Simple Past Tense (-di)
32. Narrative Past (-miş)
33. Future Tense (-acak / -ecek)
34. The Imperative (Commands)
35. Negation of Verbs (-ma / -me)
36. Question Particles (-mi / -mı / -mu / -mü)
37. Yes/No Questions
38. WH-Questions (Ne, Nerede, Kim, Ne zaman, Nasıl)
39. Short Answers in Turkish
40. Auxiliary Verbs: “etmek”, “yapmak”, “olmak”

Part 4 – Intermediate Verb Forms

41. Necessity: “-meli / -malı” (must/should)
42. Ability: “-ebil / -abil” (can)
43. Obligation: “zorunda olmak”, “gerek”
44. Conditional Mood – If Clauses (-se / -sa)
45. Wishes and Desires: “-se keşke”, “-mek istiyorum”
46. Past Continuous (-yordu)
47. Future Continuous (-yor olacak)
48. Present Perfect-like Structure (using -miş)
49. Past Perfect (-mişti / -di idi)
50. Reported Speech (-miş usage)

Part 5 – Vocabulary and Adjectives

51. Adjectives in Turkish – Basic Usage
52. Adjective Position (before the noun)
53. Comparison with “daha” (more)
54. Superlatives with “en” (the most)
55. As… as structures in Turkish
56. Adverbs – Introduction
57. Common Adverbs (çok, az, hızlı, yavaş…)
58. Forming Adverbs from Adjectives (-ca / -ce)

Part 6 – Time and Numbers

59. Numbers 1–100 in Turkish
60. Ordinal Numbers (first, second…)
61. Days of the Week
62. Months of the Year
63. Seasons
64. Telling the Time
65. Asking the Time
66. Talking About Dates
67. Expressions of Frequency (her gün, sık sık…)

Part 7 – Prepositions and Postpositions

68. Introduction to Turkish Postpositions
69. “ile” (with)
70. “için” (for)
71. “gibi” (like, as)
72. “kadar” (until, as much as)
73. “sonra / önce” (after / before)
74. “üzere” (in order to, about to)
75. Common Postpositional Phrases

Part 8 – Daily Conversation Essentials

76. Greetings in Turkish
77. Introducing Yourself
78. Asking and Giving Directions
79. Talking About Family
80. Talking About Food and Drinks
81. Shopping and Prices
82. At a Restaurant
83. At the Airport
84. At the Hotel
85. At the Doctor / Pharmacy
86. Talking About Hobbies
87. Talking About Work and School
88. Talking About Weather
89. Expressing Feelings
90. Politeness: Lütfen, Teşekkür ederim, Rica ederim

Part 9 – Advanced Sentence Structures

91. Relative Clauses (-dik, -en structures)
92. Passive Voice in Turkish
93. Causative Forms (-dir, -t)
94. Reflexive Verbs (-n)
95. Compound Tenses (e.g. “yapıyordum”)
96. Subordinate Clauses with “ki”
97. Linking Words (ama, çünkü, fakat, yani…)
98. Idioms and Common Expressions
99. Formal vs. Informal Speech in Turkish
100. Common Mistakes English Speakers Make in Turkish

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